I had not heard of Herta Puls until I started studying with Distant Stitch, so I decided I would try and research her work as the module progressed. When I typed Herta’s name into Google I found a lot of information but most of the posts were written by Distant Stitch Students. I wanted to put together my own research rather than use that of others ,so my first port of call was Amazon where I purchased The Art of Cut Work and Applique Batsford 1978 from a second hand seller I hoped that this along would help me find out a little more about Herta as well as giving me examples into the technique of mola which look stunning
Herta came to England as a qualified German radiographer and medical technician in 1939. Here she became a student of embroidery and textile design winning numerous prizes and medals, she also became a member and exhiibited with Group 62 and later became a teacher and lecturer. “She takes her Inspiration from drawings of objects in nature and on travel is interpreted by layered appliqué (mola-work). Layered threads and embroidery, hand or machine stitched; using 100% cotton-poplin, thai-silk, hand made paper, embroidery threads, fabric-paints and dyes.” (Craft Council Directory).
Heta began her research into the Kuna Indians and their textiles in the late 1960's. This reasearch led to the publication in 1978 of her book “The Art of Cutwork and
Applique – Historic, Modern and Kuna Indian”.
Mola
The mola forms part of the traditional costume of a Kuna woman, two mola panels being incorporated as front and back panels in a blouse. The full costume traditionally includes a patterned wrapped skirt (saburet), a red and yellow headscarf (musue), arm and leg beads (wini), a gold nose ring (olasu) and earrings in addition to the mola blouse (dulemor).
In Dulegaya, the Kuna's native language, "mola" means "shirt" or "clothing". The mola originated with the tradition of Kuna women painting their bodies with geometrical designs to represent humans, animals and plants, using available natural colours, in later years these same designs were woven in cotton, and later still, sewn using cloth bought from the European settlers of Panama.
The
oldest molas that remain usually have
three layers – often black, red and
yellow – and the designs were simple stylized geometric human, animal and plant
forms. More modern molas have up to 5
layers, and often include extra small pieces tucked in to a particular area.
This appears to have given rise to blocks of vertical lines being worked to
reduce the bulk of the fabric which was making it less practical to wear and
work in.
The
two examples below both come from the Pitt Rivers Museum in Oxford. Neither are
early examples, but the first is typical of the all-over geometric design often
seen in early molas. The second example is thought to have been made in the
1960s and has a larger central motif and more colours than earlier molas. It
also shows the blocks of vertical lines.
Michael Brennand Wood visual artist, curator, lecturer and arts consultant.
I went to the Eastern Regional Embroiderers Guild Day earlier this year where Michael was one of the speakers.
Michael explores 3 dimensional line, structure and pattern and integrates textiles with other media. Recent work has been inspired by traditional floral imagery but uses computerised machine embroidery,collage, paint, wood, glass and toy soldiers purchased in their hundreds from his local toy store.
His work can be seen worldwide including the Victoria and Albert Museum, the 21st Century Museum of Contemporary Art, Kanazawa and National Gallery of Australia, Canberra. He won The Creative Concept Award in 1987 and The Fine Art Award in 1989 at the International Textile Competition in Kyoto, followed by the first RSA Art for Architecture Award 1990.
In 1982 he curated the controversial exhibition ‘Fabric and Form’ and co-curated the ‘Makers Eye’ both for the Crafts Council, followed in 1992 with ‘Restless Shadows’ a major Goldsmiths College touring exhibition of contemporary Japanese Textiles. Until 1989 he was a senior lecturer in the department of visual art at Goldsmiths College, University of London. He has taught extensively in colleges and universities in the UK and overseas, and has undertaken residencies in Japan, Australia, New Zealand, Canada, and Belgium. He was appointed Visiting Professor at Manchester Metropolitan University in 2005 and is Research Fellow at the University of Ulster.
KANDINSKY (1866-1944)
Kandinsky was a painter who sometimes used free and unusual star and cross shapes in his later work. His abstract paintings in the 1920’s show compositions of shapes that swirl and fly across the canvas. In his teaching, Kandinsky laid stress on colour and forms in space, from the simple shapes such as the triangle, the line and the circle. His shapes were over-laid to create movement and depth in his work.
Biography
Born in Moscow in 1866, Kandinsky spent his early childhood in Odessa. His parents played the piano and the zither and Kandinsky himself learned the piano and cello at an early age. The influence of music in his paintings cannot be overstated, down to the names of his paintings Improvisations, Impressions, and Compositions. In 1886, he enrolled at the University of Moscow, chose to study law and economics, and after passing his examinations, lectured at the Moscow Faculty of Law. He enjoyed success not only as a teacher but also wrote extensively on spirituality, a subject that remained of great interest and ultimately exerted substantial influence in his work. In 1895 Kandinsky attended a French Impressionist exhibition where he saw Monet's Haystacks at Giverny. He stated, "It was from the catalog I learned this was a haystack. I was upset I had not recognized it. I also thought the painter had no right to paint in such an imprecise fashion. Dimly I was aware too that the object did not appear in the picture..." Soon thereafter, at the age of thirty, Kandinsky left Moscow and went to Munich to study life-drawing, sketching and anatomy, regarded then as basic for an artistic education.
Ironically, Kandinsky's work moved in a direction that was of much greater abstraction than that which was pioneered by the Impressionists. It was not long before his talent surpassed the constraints of art school and he began exploring his own ideas of painting - "I applied streaks and blobs of colors onto the canvas with a palette knife and I made them sing with all the intensity I could..." Now considered to be the founder of abstract art, his work was exhibited throughout Europe from 1903 onwards, and often caused controversy among the public, the art critics, and his contemporaries. An active participant in several of the most influential and controversial art movements of the 20th century, among them the Blue Rider which he founded along with Franz Marc and the Bauhaus which also attracted Klee, Lyonel Feininger (1871-1956), and Schonberg, Kandinsky continued to further express and define his form of art, both on canvas and in his theoretical writings. His reputation became firmly established in the United State s through numerous exhbitions and his work was introduced to Solomon Guggenheim, who became one of his most enthusiastic supporters.
In 1933, Kandinsky left Germany and settled near Paris, in Neuilly. The paintings from these later years were again the subject of controversy. Though out of favor with many of the patriarchs of Paris's artistic community, younger artists admired Kandinsky. His studio was visited regularly by Miro, Arp, Magnelli and Sophie Tauber.
Kandinsky continued painting almost until his death in June, 1944. his unrelenting quest for new forms which carried him to the very extremes of geometric abstraction have provided us with an unparalleled collection of abstract art. Web Museum: Kadinsky.
No comments:
Post a Comment